Plain English Meaning
The way the sky is sliced up into different zones, each with its own rules about who can fly there, what equipment is required, and who you have to talk to on the radio.
Full Definition
The categories into which the National Airspace System is organized, each with its own rules for entry, equipment, pilot certification, and communication requirements. In a training syllabus context, airspace divisions refers to the body of knowledge a student pilot must learn about these categories, including controlled airspace (Classes A, B, C, D, and E), uncontrolled airspace (Class G), and special use airspace such as restricted, prohibited, warning, and military operations areas.