Definition
The continuous instrument scanning technique in which the pilot systematically observes multiple flight instruments (cross-check) and then mentally combines their indications to form an accurate picture of the aircraft's attitude, performance, and flight path (interpretation). It is the foundation of instrument flying, used to detect changes promptly and respond with appropriate control inputs.
Plain English
Looking at several instruments in a steady scanning pattern, then putting what they show together in your mind to understand what the airplane is actually doing.
Context Anchor
Used during instrument flying, especially when the airplane is turning while airspeed is changing and the pilot cannot rely only on the outside view.
Derivation
Cross-check' comes from the idea of checking one thing against another to confirm accuracy. 'Interpretation' comes from the Latin interpretari, meaning to explain or make sense of. Together they describe a two-step mental process: gather the readings, then make sense of them.
Why Pilots Care
Correct cross-check and interpretation prevents reliance on a single instrument and supports accurate control in instrument conditions.
Intuition Check
Do not think of cross-check and interpretation as simply looking at the panel. The aviation meaning includes both scanning the instruments and making the correct meaning out of what they show.
Example Sentence 1
During the airspeed change in the turn, the pilot relied on a steady cross-check and interpretation to maintain altitude while the power and pitch were adjusted.
Example Sentence 2
Effective cross-check and interpretation let the pilot notice the airspeed change before it became a problem.