Definition
In learner-centered assessment, a level of cognitive performance in which the learner explains a concept, procedure, or situation in their own words, identifying its key features, components, or sequence. Describing goes beyond simply naming or reciting — it requires the learner to convey enough detail that another person could understand or recognize what is being described.
Plain English
To put something into your own words clearly enough that someone else can picture it or follow it. It is more than naming the thing — you have to spell out what it is, what it looks like, or how it works.
Context Anchor
Seen in instructor questions, lesson objectives, and learner-centered assessments when a learner is asked to show understanding in words.
Derivation
From Latin describere, meaning 'to write down' or 'to copy in writing' (de- 'down' + scribere 'to write'). The original sense was to set something down in detail. That carries straight into the instructional use: the learner is laying out the details of a topic so they can be examined.
Why Pilots Care
Instructors rely on this level of understanding to confirm a student has grasped key concepts before advancing to hands-on practice or higher-stakes decisions.
Intuition Check
Do not read describe as “say anything about it.” In assessment, describe means give the key details clearly and accurately enough to show understanding.
Example Sentence 1
The instructor asked the learner to describe the steps of a normal traffic pattern from downwind to touchdown.
Example Sentence 2
During the oral exam the examiner requested that the applicant describe how an altimeter works.