Plain English Meaning
The needle on the VOR has swung all the way to one side as far as it can go. It tells you that you are well off the course you selected, but it can't tell you exactly how far off — once it's pinned to the side, it stops giving you fine information.
Full Definition
On a VOR Course Deviation Indicator (CDI), full needle deflection is the condition in which the course needle has moved to its maximum displacement from center, indicating the aircraft is at or beyond 10° (or more) off the selected course. At full deflection, the indicator can no longer show how far off course the aircraft actually is — only that it is off course by at least the maximum the instrument can display.
Context Anchor
Seen when using a VOR receiver and watching the CDI during or .