Plain English Meaning
The thinking and checking a pilot does before takeoff to decide if there is a special departure path designed to keep the aircraft clear of terrain or obstacles, and to confirm the aircraft can actually fly that path on the day.
Full Definition
The set of pre-flight checks a pilot performs to determine whether an Obstacle Departure Procedure (ODP) applies at the departure airport, and if so, how to fly it safely. These considerations include reviewing the airport's published ODP in the Terminal Procedures Publication, confirming aircraft climb performance meets the required climb gradient (typically 200 feet per nautical mile unless a higher gradient is published), evaluating and against , selecting a compatible with the ODP, and deciding whether to fly the ODP voluntarily under or as part of an .