Definition
A finely ground, insoluble coloring material suspended in the vehicle of a paint or dope. The pigment provides the color, opacity, and protective qualities of the finish, while the vehicle carries it and binds it to the surface as it dries.
Plain English
Pigment is the solid colored powder mixed into paint. It gives the paint its color and helps cover and protect the surface underneath.
Context Anchor
Seen in aircraft painting, primer selection, fabric covering, and maintenance discussions about protective finishes.
Derivation
From the Latin pigmentum, meaning 'paint' or 'coloring matter,' from pingere, 'to paint.' The same root gives us 'picture' and 'depict' — anything to do with applying color to a surface.
Why Pilots Care
The pigment in aircraft finishes does more than make the airplane look good. It blocks ultraviolet light, slows corrosion, and protects fabric and metal surfaces. A worn or chalky finish means the pigment is breaking down and the protection underneath is going with it.
Intuition Check
Do not think of pigment as the whole paint. In this context, pigment is the solid coloring or protective material mixed into the coating.
Example Sentence 1
The mechanic stirred the can thoroughly to make sure the pigment was evenly mixed into the dope before brushing it onto the fabric.
Example Sentence 2
Approved pigments must be used so the final paint layer meets FAA requirements for durability and visibility.