Definition
The four-digit transponder code (7700) set by a pilot to indicate a general emergency. When selected, it triggers a distinct alarm and visual alert on air traffic control radar displays, identifying the aircraft as being in distress and giving it priority handling.
Plain English
A special number a pilot dials into the transponder to tell air traffic control, 'I have an emergency.' It makes the aircraft stand out on the controller's screen so they can give immediate help.
Context Anchor
Seen in emergency procedures, especially when a pilot needs to alert air traffic control quickly and may not have time or ability to fully explain the situation by radio.
Derivation
Squawk' comes from World War II IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) systems, which were nicknamed 'Parrot' -- so to make the parrot 'squawk' meant to make the transponder reply. The code 7700 was chosen because it is easy to remember and unlikely to be set accidentally during normal operations.
Why Pilots Care
Activating 7700 causes ATC to give the aircraft priority handling, clear surrounding airspace, and begin coordinating assistance such as vectors to the nearest suitable airport.
Grounding Statement
7700 is the aircraft’s emergency flag on radar.
Intuition Check
“Squawk” does not mean make a sound here; it means set and transmit a transponder code. 7700 does not identify the exact emergency; it only signals that an emergency exists.
Example Sentence 1
After the engine began running rough, the pilot squawked 7700 and turned toward the nearest airport.
Example Sentence 2
ATC immediately noticed the aircraft squawking 7700 and cleared all other traffic from its path.