Definition
Winds occurring well above the surface, typically from a few thousand feet above ground up through the upper atmosphere, which generally flow faster and more steadily than surface winds because they are not slowed by friction with the ground or terrain.
Plain English
The winds blowing high above the ground, away from the surface. They are usually stronger and more consistent than the wind you feel on the ramp because nothing is in the way to slow them down.
Context Anchor
Seen in weather briefings and low-level wind shear discussions when comparing wind near the runway with wind above the airport or terrain.
Why Pilots Care
They affect groundspeed, fuel consumption, turbulence, and can create strong shear with surface winds that impacts takeoff and landing safety.
Grounding Statement
Picture light wind at the runway with stronger wind moving overhead; as the airplane climbs or descends into that moving air, its airspeed can change quickly.
Intuition Check
Upper level does not always mean extremely high altitude. Here it means wind above the surface layer being compared with the wind near the ground.
Example Sentence 1
During the briefing, the pilot noted that the upper level winds were 40 knots from the west, while the surface winds were nearly calm.
Example Sentence 2
Strong upper level winds can shorten eastbound flight time but increase fuel use on the return leg.