Navigation Systems
3 maneuvers · 222 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- VOR orientation and tracking
- GPS navigation
- DME arcs
Words for this area
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Attitude Instrument Flying
5 maneuvers · 97 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Instrument cross-check and scan
- Straight-and-level flight
- Standard rate turns
- Constant airspeed climbs and descents
- Constant rate climbs and descents
Words for this area
- pitch axis
- control instruments
- roll axis
- tachometer
- performance instruments
- calibrated
- navigation instruments
- glideslope indicator
- positional information
- Attitude Control
- declutter
- OAT — outside air temperature
- CDI
- FMS
- fuselage dot
- bank control
- desired airspeeds
- overcontrolling
- vertical (yaw) axis
- trim control
- reversionary displays
- XPDR
- cruise airspeed
- vertical speed
- servo-assisted
- servo-assisted controls
- .5 (½ of a thousand or 500 fpm)
- overcorrecting
- rapid change in airspeed
- omnidirectional range
- Pitch Attitude Instrument Cross-Check
- magnetic compass
- control yoke
- yellow chevron
- VOR
- multiengine
- engine instruments
- airplane trim
- powerplants
- Turn Coordinator/Turn-and-Slip Indicator
- multiengine airplane
- RPM — revolutions per minute
- aviator
- rudder trim
- overcontrol
- yaw axes
- helicopter trim
- cyclic-centering button
- cyclic pressures
- primary bank
- fundamental skills
- instrument cross-check
- primary pitch
- instrument interpretation
- positive control responses
- prescribed flightpath
- airspeed trend
- preplanned headings
- fixation
- Common Cross-Check Errors
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Basic Instrument Maneuvers
7 maneuvers · 128 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Steep turns
- Timed turns to compass headings
- Magnetic compass turns
- Partial-panel flight
- Recovery from unusual flight attitudes
- Instrument takeoff
- Instrument flight patterns
Words for this area
- pitch control
- timed turn
- propeller-driven
- retractable gear
- XPDR — Transponder
- pitch
- attitude gyro
- heading indicator
- inoperative
- straight-and-level flight
- attitude indicator
- altimeter
- vertical speed indicator
- heading
- "Hg — inches of mercury
- airspeed indicator
- retrim
- interpolated
- trimming
- re-trimming
- overbanking
- turn-and-slip indicator
- corrective technique
- Power
- Trim
- skid
- power setting
- rudder pressures
- underpower
- overpower
- climb
- corrective elevator pressure
- constant airspeed
- aerodynamic forces
- fixations
- Azimuth
- elevator deflection
- turn coordinator
- Standard Rate Turn
- fixations during cross-check
- straight-and-level flightpath
- angle of bank
- lead the airspeed
- aileron pressure
- instrument malfunction
- power control
- spillable-type instrument
- nonspillable-type instrument
- fpm
- Descent
- electrically-powered gyroscope
- turns
- underbanking
- coordinated aileron and rudder pressure
- partial rudder control
- airspeed limitations
- trim technique
- Errors During Compass Turns
- flap retraction
- left rudder pressure
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Preflight Procedures
3 maneuvers · 278 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Aircraft systems related to IFR operations
- Aircraft flight instruments and navigation equipment
- Instrument flight deck check
Words for this area
- gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator
- slip-skid indicator
- sensitive altimeter
- barometric pressure
- gyroscopic pitch-and-bank indicator
- gyroscopic direction indicator
- avionics
- pitot-static instruments
- pitot pressure
- General Aviation
- static pressure
- electrically heated pitot-static head
- pitot pressure chamber
- pitot heater switch
- VSI — vertical speed indicator
- Blocked Pitot System
- baffle plate
- Blocked Static System
- Indicated Airspeed
- pitot head with heater
- venturi effect
- aneroid barometer
- aneroid capsules
- Pitot/Static Instruments
- Principle of Operation
- altimeter setting window
- barometric scale adjustment knob
- three-pointer altimeter
- drum-type altimeter
- inches of mercury
- Altimeter Errors
- Mechanical Altimeter Errors
- Aneroid
- crosshatch flag
- local altimeter setting
- preflight check
- millibars
- Inherent Altimeter Error
- Cold Weather Altimeter Errors
- ICAO Cold Temperature Error Table
- certificated instrument repair station
- nonstandard pressure
- IFR altitudes
- Minimum FAF Crossing Altitude
- Altimeter Enhancements (Encoding)
- RVSM — Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum
- FL
- altimetry error
- Straight-in MDA
- Circling MDA
- TCAS compatibility
- calibrated orifice
- Dynamic Pressure Type Instruments
- diaphragm
- accelerometer
- pressure differential
- pitot-static system
- knots
- Types of Airspeed
- CAS — Calibrated Airspeed
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Navigation Systems
3 maneuvers · 222 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- VOR orientation and tracking
- GPS navigation
- DME arcs
Words for this area
- refracted
- conductivity
- ground wave
- sky wave
- space wave
- propeller/rotor modulation error
- ILS critical areas
- St. Elmo's Fire
- VOR/DME station
- Traditional Navigation Systems
- bidirectional
- Morse code identifier
- rotatable compass-card ADF
- fixed-card ADF
- movable-card ADF
- gyrocompass
- RMI slaving system
- ADF needle
- VOR needle
- Homing
- tracking
- track inbound
- track outbound
- intercepting bearings
- nonprecision instrument approaches
- tracking inbound
- tracking outbound
- wingtip position
- abeam a station
- needle deflection
- inbound bearing
- outbound MB
- slaving system
- nondirectional radio beacon
- Radial
- courses
- VOR transmitter
- VOR ground station
- ILS localizer frequency
- OBS — omnibearing selector
- full needle deflection
- glideslope pointer
- radiated test signal
- CDI interpretation
- logbook
- VOR operational errors
- VOR receiver accuracy check
- VOT — VOR test facility
- course roughness
- dual system VOR
- aircraft logbook
- radiated VOT
- very high frequency omnidirectional range
- interrogating radio frequency (RF) pulses
- distance measuring equipment
- ILS/DME
- DME components
- Channel (Frequency) Selector
- Interrogator
- groundspeed
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Departures, En Route & Arrivals
3 maneuvers · 350 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Departure procedures
- En route operations
- Arrival procedures
Words for this area
- charted airport sketches
- departure procedure
- DPs — departure procedures
- non-towered airport
- OpSpecs — Operations Specifications
- noise abatement procedures
- obstacle departure procedure
- Noise Abatement
- Clearway
- Stopway
- mountainous areas
- non-mountainous areas
- 40:1 OCS
- Mean sea level
- EOPs — engine out procedures
- low, close-in obstacles
- OEI net takeoff flight path
- OEI — one-engine-inoperative
- OEI takeoff flight path
- gross OEI flight path
- Airport Obstacle Analysis
- OEI takeoff distance
- KAPA
- airport/runway analysis
- maximum allowable takeoff weight
- standard instrument departure
- ODP Flight Planning Considerations
- textual ODP
- random (diverse) IFR flight
- graphic ODP
- PDR — Preferential Departure Route
- SID
- Transition Route
- cautionary statements
- charted SID procedure
- dead reckoning navigation
- Non-RNAV DP
- RNAV DP
- ATS Route
- NAR — National Airspace Redesign
- conventional avionics
- RAIM — approach receiver autonomous integrity monitoring
- GBAS landing system
- LPV — APV with SBAS
- ILS
- MLS
- FANS 1/A
- VDL
- SATCOM
- GBAS — Ground-Based Augmentation System
- VHF RTF
- SBAS
- UHF RTF
- ACARS
- LORAN C
- HF RTF
- inertial navigation
- CPDLC
- MNPS — minimum navigation performance specifications
- ICAO flight plan equipment codes
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ATC Clearances & Holding
2 maneuvers · 126 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Compliance with ATC clearances
- Holding procedures
Words for this area
- communication equipment
- communication procedures
- Navigation/Communication Equipment
- VHF — Very High Frequency
- kHz
- communications transceiver
- navigational receiver
- FSS — flight service stations
- simplex operation
- duplex operation
- headphone
- VHF Communications
- VHF Omni/Localizer
- intercom
- COM1
- transmitter selector
- COM2
- airspace boundary
- Transponder
- Radar and Transponders
- transponder code
- Ident
- Mode C
- encoding altimeter
- blind encoder
- Kollsman window
- ALT
- phonetic pronunciation guide
- Pilot/Controller Glossary
- Communications Facility
- terminal radar approach control
- ATC clearances
- NOTAMs — Notices to Airmen
- 1-800-WX-BRIEF
- RCOs — remote communication outlets
- GCOs — ground communication outlets
- NAVAIDs — navigational aids
- IFR clearance
- ATC Towers
- C-R-A-F-T
- clearance shorthand
- IFR towers
- VFR towers
- vectoring
- terminal airspace
- overflights
- Center Approach/Departure Control
- MVA — Minimum Vectoring Altitude
- ASR-3
- ASR-9
- untracked target
- arrival/departure tabular list
- trackball position symbol
- targets in suspend status
- coast/suspend tabular list
- readout area
- VOR location
- downwind alignment guide
- ILS 28R
- Approach
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Instrument Approaches
5 maneuvers · 245 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Non-precision approach
- Precision approach
- Missed approach
- Circling approach
- Landing from an instrument approach
Words for this area
- CFR — Code of Federal Regulations
- SIAPs — standard instrument approach procedures
- OpSpecs
- SOPs
- approach planning
- NM
- Notices to Airmen
- SIAPs
- Part 91, subpart K
- windspeed
- Chippewa Valley Regional Airport
- KEAU
- PIREPs/UUA — urgent pilot weather reports
- TAFs — terminal aerodrome forecast
- FIS-B — Flight Information Service—Broadcast
- Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS)
- HIWAS — Hazardous In-flight Weather Advisory Service
- AIRMETs — Airman's Meteorological Information
- SIGMETs — Significant Meteorological Information
- convective SIGMETs
- PIREPs
- UUA
- winds/temperatures aloft forecasts
- aeronautical weather information
- broadcast weather
- CS
- ATIS — Automated Terminal Information Service
- ceilometer
- cloud advection
- CWA — Center weather advisories
- nowcast
- PIC — pilot in command
- VREF — reference landing speed
- IFR Landing Minimums
- aircraft performance operating limitations
- Subpart I
- one engine inoperative
- Aircraft Approach Category
- IAS — indicated airspeeds
- CAR — Circling Approach Radius
- company callouts
- Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)
- Altitude
- instrument approach chart
- straight-in procedure
- Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
- SAAAR — Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization Required
- RNP AR — Authorization Required
- circling-only procedure
- approach control
- radar handoffs
- remote altimeter setting source
- QNH — altimeter sub-scale setting
- Durango VOR
- AFSS
- RCOs — remote communications outlets
- GCOs — ground communications outlets
- primary NAVAID
- primary final approach NAVAID
- traditional courses
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Preflight Preparation
Cross-Country3 maneuvers · 199 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Pilot qualifications
- Weather information
- Cross-country flight planning
Words for this area
- POH/AFM
- National Aeronautical Navigation Products
- Filing in Flight
- Aeronautical Information Publication
- VOR — very-high frequency omnidirectional range
- FDC NOTAMs — Flight Data Center NOTAMs
- IFR flight plan
- Clearance
- Cancelling IFR Flight Plans
- Class a Airspace
- VFR altitude/flight level
- VFR radar advisory service
- Class B Airspace
- phraseology
- readback
- Class C Airspace
- standard phraseology
- obstruction clearance
- ATC phraseology
- Clearance Separations
- block of airspace
- Radar-Controlled Departures
- graphic ODPs
- IFR Take-off Minimums
- RNAV (GPS)
- DEP CON
- DEP CON — departure control
- Position Report
- IFR Flight
- En Route Procedures
- ATC Reports
- ASOS/AWOS — Automated Surface Observing System/Automated Weather Observing System
- IAP charts
- standard IAP
- crossing NDB bearing
- instrument letdown
- VORTAC — VOR/tactical air navigation
- AWOS/ASOS
- LNAV MDA
- DME/DME RNP-0.3 NA
- IF/IAF
- LNAV/VNAV DA
- WAAS
- LPV
- VGSI
- MISSED APCH FIX
- ATC
- DH
- navigational guidance
- glidepath information
- FAA TPP
- GS/TCH/RPI
- ELEV
- RWY
- DA/HAT
- MDA-VIS
- HAA
- ASR
- glidepath interception
- No-Gyro Approach
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Emergency Operations
Cross-Country2 maneuvers · 114 words
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Loss of communications
- Approach with loss of primary flight instrument indicators
Training in a multi-engine airplane?
Words for this area
- emergency operations
- situational awareness
- unforecast adverse weather
- communication/navigation system malfunction
- thunderstorm detection equipment
- thunderstorm penetration
- anti-icing/deicing equipment
- airspeed indication
- frictional drag
- cloud droplets
- deicing equipment
- Sublimation
- preflight action
- Preflight inspection
- inflight emergency
- thunderstorm clouds
- alternator belt
- electronic flight display malfunction
- Display Failure / Reversionary Mode
- Alternator/Generator Failure
- alternator failure
- Loadmeter
- Cessna 172
- master/alternator rocker switch
- two-position battery master/alternator rocker switch
- Pilotage
- Dead Reckoning
- hand-held transceiver
- STBY BATT
- PFD instrumentation
- analog instrument failure
- pneumatic system failure
- transponder code 7600
- unpressurized aircraft
- VFR Conditions
- IFR Conditions
- outer FMS knob
- flashing cursor
- NRST — Nearest Airport
- navigational aids
- electronic databases
- diverting
- FMS knob
- GPS Nearest Airport Function
- airport identifier
- lat/long coordinates
- cyan box
- NRST Page Group
- CLR button
- APT
- AVGAS
- MFD Page Groups
- Nearest Airport Page Group
- RNWY
- APR
- PROC Page Group
- complacency
- inoperative equipment
- traffic avoidance
- transponder-equipped aircraft
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Postflight Procedures
Cross-Country1 maneuver
Skills - rate how you're doing
- Checking instruments and equipment
This area is about doing, not vocabulary - its words live in the ground areas.
The National Airspace System & IFR Charts
202 words
Words for this area
- NAS — National Airspace System
- aeronautical charts
- airspace classification
- AIM — Aeronautical Information Manual
- MSL — mean sea level
- Special Use Airspace
- FL — flight level
- NM — nautical miles
- IFR — Instrument Flight Rules
- ATC — Air Traffic Control
- passenger enplanements
- AGL — above ground level
- AeroNav Products
- FL 600
- ATC Clearance
- Special VFR
- VFR — Visual Flight Rules
- statute miles
- VFR aircraft separation
- VFR Visibility Minimum
- VFR Minimum Distance from Clouds
- IFR Aircraft
- Radar
- instrument approaches
- nontowered airport
- Aeronautical Navigation Products (AeroNav Products)
- NOTAM — Notice to Airmen
- Controlled Airspace
- Federal Airways System
- Uncontrolled Airspace
- Federal airway
- Victor airway
- joint-use restricted airspace
- VOR — VHF omnidirectional range
- low-altitude airway structure
- MOAs — military operations areas
- collision avoidance
- MTRs — Military Training Routes
- IR
- VR
- TFRs — Temporary Flight Restrictions
- NAVAID — Navigational Aid
- RNAV — Area Navigation
- confluence of airways
- latitude/longitude coordinates
- degree-distance fixes
- A/FD — Airport/Facility Directory
- FL 450
- FL 290
- conterminous United States
- En Route Charts
- Fix
- Terminal Area
- IFR en route chart
- part-time airspace classifications
- airport information
- Charted IFR Altitudes
- ICAO identifiers
- ATIS — Automatic Terminal Information Service
- obstacle clearance
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Human Factors for Instrument Flight
75 words
Words for this area
- spatial disorientation
- ADM — Aeronautical Decision-Making
- Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
- disorientation
- vestibular
- postural
- vestibular orientation
- postural orientation
- rhodopsin
- fovea
- carbon monoxide
- semicircular canals
- otolith organ
- endolymph fluid
- cupola
- gelatinous
- vestibular nerve
- roll
- yaw
- ampullae
- gravity
- utricle
- saccule
- cochlea
- Eustachian tube
- tubular ducts
- endolymph
- ampulla of a semicircular canal
- filaments of hair cells
- Tubular ducts containing endolymph
- angular acceleration and the semicircular tubes
- eardrum
- incapacitation
- skids
- vestibular illusions
- banked attitude
- nerves
- uncoordinated turn
- skids and slips
- vestibular system
- subtle incapacitation
- level flight
- Coriolis illusion
- somatogravic illusion
- inversion illusion
- updraft
- deceleration
- downdraft
- visual illusions
- aurora borealis
- autokinesis
- postural system
- seat of the pants
- centrifugal force
- coordinated turn
- level skid
- Postural Considerations
- Seat of the pants flying
- approach airspeed
- Tilting to Right or Left
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Aerodynamic Factors
151 words
Words for this area
- aerodynamics
- aircraft performance
- airfoil
- leading edge
- The Wing
- trailing edge
- camber
- AOA — angle of attack
- flightpath
- lift
- CP — center of pressure
- The Four Forces
- CG — center of gravity
- thrust
- powerplant
- longitudinal axis
- Drag
- induced drag
- rotor
- propeller
- Viscosity
- Interference drag
- aileron
- elevator
- horizontal stabilizer
- fuselage
- vertical stabilizer
- form drag
- Fairing
- teardrop
- pitch attitude
- fairing parts
- inertia
- deflection
- Newton's First Law, the Law of Inertia
- Newton's Second Law, the Law of Momentum
- Newton's Third Law, the Law of Reaction
- atmosphere
- attitude
- relative wind
- air density
- troposphere
- stratosphere
- mesosphere
- ionosphere
- ISA — International Standard Atmosphere
- thermosphere
- exosphere
- tropopause
- "Hg
- pressure altitude
- inches of mercury ("Hg)
- Indicated Altitude
- density altitude
- SDP — standard datum plane
- Barometric scale
- flight levels
- ICAO Standard Atmosphere
- barometer
- nonstandard temperature
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Avionics, Databases & Automation
192 words
Words for this area
- NextGen — Next Generation Air Transportation System
- controlled U.S. airspace
- DOT
- DOD
- DHS
- DOC
- NASA
- OSTP
- ICAO
- Aeronautical Information
- aircrew
- ARTCCs
- TRACONs
- Time Based Metering
- TAPs/CDAs
- VDL-2
- ARTCSCC
- Digital ATIS
- WX Reroutes
- enroute ARTCCs
- enroute
- WAM — Wide Area Multilateration
- precision-like approaches
- wide-area reference station
- WMS
- ground uplink station
- direct flightpaths
- Jet airways
- ILS landings
- GBAS reference receivers
- GBAS ground facility
- VDB — Omnidirectional VHF data broadcast
- flightpaths
- throughput
- Single-Piloted Aircraft
- collimators
- holographic displays
- weapons status
- external scene topography
- SVS — synthetic vision system
- geo-spatially correct
- symbology
- annunciations
- published instrument approaches
- Enhanced Flight Vision Systems
- critical phases of flight
- real-time EFVS imagery
- SVGS — Synthetic Vision Guidance System
- electronic flight bag
- head-up displays
- OpSpec — operations specification
- MSpec — maintenance specification
- all phases of flight
- avionics display
- logbooks
- portable EFB
- installed EFB
- restricted airspace
- prohibited airspace
- rulemaking process
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IFR Weather
117 words
Words for this area
- convective currents
- cumulus cloud layers
- overshoot
- ballooning effect
- headwind losses
- low-level wind shear
- Microburst
- ASR-9 WSP
- atmospheric stability
- adiabatic heating
- adiabatic cooling
- dry adiabatic lapse rate
- moist adiabatic lapse rate
- temperature inversion
- inversion layer
- surface-based temperature inversions
- frontal inversions
- unsaturated air
- Visibility
- fog
- stratus clouds
- stratus
- Ceiling
- cumulus stage
- dissipating stage
- anvil
- anvil-like shape
- thunderstorm
- troughs aloft
- supercooled
- mixed rime and clear ice
- Pilot Windshear Guide
- Turbulence
- Icing
- flight service station
- Radar Observations
- WSR-88D
- WSR-88D NEXRAD
- Doppler radar
- WSR-88D NEXRAD radar
- dBZ — decibels of Z
- reflectivity
- gust front
- TDWR — terminal Doppler weather radar
- Service Outlets
- 1-800-WX BRIEF
- preflight weather information
- Airport/Facility Directory
- inflight weather briefing services
- conterminous states
- VOR — navigational aids
- AIRMET
- NAVAIDs
- SIGMET
- airspace procedures
- Convective SIGMET
- EFAS
- urgent PIREPs
- Aviation Routine Weather Report
- SPECI — special METAR
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