Definition
A type of aviation fuel refined from kerosene, used in turbine engines (turbojets, turbofans, turboprops, and turboshafts). Common grades include Jet A, Jet A-1, and Jet B. Kerosene-based fuels have a higher flash point, lower volatility, and different combustion characteristics than aviation gasoline (avgas), and are not interchangeable with it.
Plain English
Jet fuel. It is made from kerosene and is used in jet and turbine-powered aircraft, not in piston aircraft that run on avgas.
Context Anchor
Seen in fuel and oil discussions, aircraft manuals, fuel placards, and refueling decisions where the pilot must confirm the airplane is receiving the approved fuel type.
Derivation
Kerosene takes its name from the Greek 'keros,' meaning wax, because early kerosene was distilled from waxy hydrocarbons. Knowing this hints at why it is heavier and oilier than gasoline, and why it behaves so differently in an engine.
Why Pilots Care
Using the correct kerosene-based fuel prevents engine damage and in-flight failure that can result from fueling a turbine aircraft with the wrong type.
Intuition Check
Kerosene-based does not mean ordinary household kerosene is acceptable for an airplane. It means an approved aircraft fuel whose main ingredient is kerosene, and the exact approved fuel must match the airplane’s manual and fuel placards.
Example Sentence 1
Turbine-powered airplanes run on kerosene-based fuel, so the line crew brought out the Jet A truck instead of the avgas pump.
Example Sentence 2
Turbine aircraft require kerosene-based fuel while piston aircraft use avgas to match each engine's design requirements.