Definition
A section of the FAA Terminal Procedures Publication that explains the abbreviations, symbols, and conventions used on instrument approach charts, and defines how the published landing minimums (visibility, ceiling, and decision altitudes) are to be interpreted and applied. It serves as the reference key for reading approach plates correctly.
Plain English
It is the legend at the front of the approach chart booklet that tells you what every symbol and number on the charts actually means, including how to read the lowest weather conditions allowed for landing.
Context Anchor
Seen when reading an instrument approach chart, especially near the minimums section used before deciding whether an approach may be continued for landing.
Derivation
“Minima” is the plural of “minimum,” from Latin meaning “smallest.” In aviation, it points to the lowest allowed values, not just low values. “Data” means recorded information, so landing minima data is the recorded information that tells you the lowest allowed landing limits.
Why Pilots Care
These values keep the aircraft safely above terrain and obstacles while maneuvering to align with the landing runway.
Intuition Check
Do not read “minima” as a suggestion or a target. In this context, it means published lower limits that control whether you may continue the approach or must stop descending or go missed.
Example Sentence 1
Before flying an unfamiliar circling approach, the pilot reviewed the Terms and Landing Minima Data section to confirm how the circling minimums were depicted on the chart.
Example Sentence 2
Before starting the circle, the crew verified that the reported visibility met the Terms and Landing Minima Data for their aircraft category.