Definition
A standardized RNAV (GPS) approach design in which the Initial Approach Fixes (IAFs) and the Intermediate Fix (IF) are arranged in the shape of a T, with two IAFs positioned left and right of the IF at roughly 90 degrees to the final approach course, and a third IAF aligned with the final approach course on the straight-in leg. The design allows aircraft to enter the approach from multiple directions without requiring a procedure turn.
Plain English
A common layout for GPS approaches where the entry points form a T shape. You can join the approach from the left, from the right, or from straight ahead, and the geometry lets you fly straight in without needing a course reversal.
Context Anchor
Seen when briefing RNAV instrument approach charts that use terminal arrival areas.
Derivation
Named for the visible shape of the approach on a chart -- two IAFs forming the crossbar of the T at the Intermediate Fix, and the final approach course forming the vertical stem.
Why Pilots Care
Provides predictable routing and altitude guidance from the en route structure to the approach, reducing pilot workload during the transition.
Grounding Statement
Picture the approach chart as a capital T, with the airplane joining from one of three arms and moving toward the same final path.
Intuition Check
Basic T does not mean the approach is simple or for beginners. It means the approach uses the standard T-shaped arrival layout.
Example Sentence 1
The RNAV approach into the airport used a Basic T design, so we joined at the left IAF and flew straight in without a course reversal.
Example Sentence 2
Flying the left arm of the Basic T allows the aircraft to turn right onto the final approach course.