Plain English Meaning
Practice maneuvers where the pilot flies the airplane in a figure-8 pattern over the ground. They are used to build coordination, attention-sharing, and the skill of correcting for wind so the path stays the shape it's supposed to be.
Full Definition
A family of basic ground-reference and performance maneuvers in which the airplane traces a flight path resembling the figure 8. Elementary eights include eights along a road, eights across a road, eights around pylons, and eights-on-pylons in their simpler forms. They are used during training to develop a pilot's ability to , coordinate , and compensate for while maintaining a planned and .