Definition
Published step-by-step procedures that allow a pilot, flying solely by reference to instruments, to transition from the en route environment down to a point near the runway from which a landing can be made visually. Each procedure specifies the navigation aids or fixes to be used, prescribed tracks, altitudes, descent profile, missed approach instructions, and the minimum weather and visibility values required to complete the approach.
Plain English
A standard, printed set of instructions for flying down to a runway when you can't see outside, using your instruments and the navigation tools listed on the chart.
Context Anchor
In the Flight Management System, IAPs are usually selected from the navigation database when setting up an instrument approach to an airport.
Why Pilots Care
They enable precise navigation and safe landings in poor weather or low visibility conditions.
Intuition Check
Do not read “approach” here as just “getting closer to the airport.” An Instrument Approach Procedure is a published, regulated set of instructions for approaching to land using instruments.
Example Sentence 1
After being cleared for the approach, the crew selected the ILS Runway 27 IAP from the FMS and began the descent.
Example Sentence 2
Reviewing the IAP ensures compliance with altitude restrictions and missed approach procedures.