Definition
Landings conducted using the Instrument Landing System, a ground-based precision approach aid that transmits two radio signals — a localizer for lateral (left/right) guidance to the runway centerline and a glideslope for vertical (up/down) guidance to the touchdown zone. The pilot follows these signals, displayed on cockpit instruments, to descend along a precise path to the runway, often in low-visibility conditions.
Plain English
Landings made by following two radio beams from the airport — one that keeps you lined up with the runway and one that keeps you on the correct descent angle — so you can land safely even when you cannot see the runway until close in.
Context Anchor
Seen in instrument approach procedures, HUD operations, and training for landing when outside visual cues may be limited.
Derivation
Instrument comes from a Latin word meaning a tool or device. In aviation, an instrument is a cockpit tool that gives the pilot information. That helps explain the term: an Instrument Landing System is a system of tools and signals used to guide the aircraft toward the runway for landing.
Why Pilots Care
Enables safe landings in low visibility or at night, reducing the risk of runway misalignment or controlled flight into terrain.
Intuition Check
An ILS landing does not automatically mean the airplane lands itself. It means the landing is based on ILS guidance; the pilot or approved automation still flies and manages the aircraft.
Example Sentence 1
The crew briefed the ILS landing for Runway 27, expecting a 300-foot ceiling and one-mile visibility on arrival.
Example Sentence 2
During recurrent training, crews practice ILS landings to maintain proficiency with precision approach procedures.